Breathing Exercises: Exercises for the lungs also referred to as breathing exercises , are essential for improving lung function and promoting respiratory health. These exercises are intended to strengthen respiratory muscles, increase lung capacity, and enhance the body's ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. These breathing techniques are frequently used in medical settings: Diaphragmatic Breathing Pursed lip Breathing Segmental Breathing Diaphragmatic Breathing: The diaphragm , a dome-shaped muscle situated below the lungs, is used actively during diaphragmatic breathing, also referred to as deep belly breathing or abdominal breathing . By fully contracting the diaphragm, this technique focuses on expanding the lower part of the lungs, enabling deeper and more effective inhalation and exhalation. Technique: Look for a quiet location where you can sit or lie down. You can close your eyes to improve relaxation and focus. Put one hand on your upper chest and the other on
Activities are classified as light, moderate, or heavy according to the energy expended or the oxygen consumed while accomplishing them.
Light work for the average male (65 kg) requires 2.0 to 4.9 kcal/min, or 6.1 to 15.2 mL O2/kg per minute, or 1.6 to 3.9 METs. Strolling 1.6 km/hr, or 1.0 mph, is considered light work.
Heavy work for the average male (65 kg) requires 7.5 to 9.9 kcal/min, or 23.0 to 30.6 mL O2/kg per minute, or 6.0 to 7.9 METs. Jogging 8.0 km/hr, or 5.0 mph, requires 25 to 28 mL O2/kg per minute and is considered heavy work. The energy expended is equivalent to 8 to 10 kcal/min, or 7 to 8 METs.
The energy expenditure necessary for most industrial jobs requires more than three times the energy expenditure at rest. Energy expenditure of certain physical activities can vary, depending on factors such as skill, pace, and fitness level.
The average individual engaged in normal daily tasks expends 1800 to 3000 kcal per day. Athletes engaged in intense training can use more than 10,000 kcal per day.
What is Energy Expenditure in Physiotherapy?
Energy is consumed and is mostly represented in kilocalories by people involved in physical activity. By evaluating the energy cost, behaviors can be categorized as light , moderate, or heavy. Mechanical performance and body mass influence the energy cost of any operation. Terrain, stride length, and air resistance are variables that influence both walking and running. Energy expended is computed from the amount of oxygen
consumed. Units used to quantify energy expenditure are
kilocalories and METs.
- A kilocalorie is a Represents the energy value of food taken by person. It is the amount of heat necessary to raise 1 kilogram (kg) of water 1˚C. A kilocalorie (kcal) can be expressed in oxygen equivalents. Five kilocalories equal approximately 1 liter of oxygen consumed (5 kcal = 1 liter O2).
- A MET is defined as the oxygen consumed (milliliters) per kilogram of body weight per minute (mL/kg). It is equal to approximately 3.5 mL/kg per minute.
What is Workout Efficiency? How its measures?
Efficiency is usually expressed as a percentage,
Percent efficiency = useful work output/energy expended or work input × 100
Work output equals force times distance (W = F × D). It
can be expressed in power units or work per unit of time
(P = w/t).
On a treadmill, work equals the weight of the subject times the vertical distance the subject is raised walking
up the incline of the treadmill. On a bicycle ergometer, work
equals the distance (which is the circumference of the flywheel
times the number of revolutions) times the bicycle resistance.
Work input equals energy expenditure and is expressed as
the net oxygen consumption per unit of time. In aerobic
exercise, the resting volume of oxygen used per unit of time
(VO2 value) is subtracted from the oxygen consumed during
1 minute of the steady-state period.
The Steady state is reached within 3 to 4 minutes after exercise
has started if the load or resistance is kept constant. In the steady-state period, VO2 remains at a constant
(steady) value.
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