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Showing posts from October, 2018

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Breathing Exercises: Types, Techniques and Benefits

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Breathing Exercises: Exercises for the lungs also referred to as breathing exercises , are essential for improving lung function and promoting respiratory health. These exercises are intended to strengthen respiratory muscles, increase lung capacity, and enhance the body's ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. These breathing techniques are frequently used in medical settings: Diaphragmatic Breathing Pursed lip Breathing Segmental Breathing Diaphragmatic Breathing: The diaphragm , a dome-shaped muscle situated below the lungs, is used actively during diaphragmatic breathing, also referred to as deep belly breathing or abdominal breathing . By fully contracting the diaphragm, this technique focuses on expanding the lower part of the lungs, enabling deeper and more effective inhalation and exhalation. Technique: Look for a quiet location where you can sit or lie down. You can close your eyes to improve relaxation and focus. Put one hand on your upper chest and the other on
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The coracobrachialis | ARM MOVERS

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The coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the coracoid process of the scapula.  coracobrachialis ORIGIN: The coracobrachialis is Originates from the coracoid process of the scapula. coracobrachialis INSERTION: The coracobrachialis is inserted on the medial surface of the humerus shaft. coracobrachialisACTION: The coracobrachialis is majorly working for flexion & adduction of the humerus. The coracobrachialis is a synergist of the  pectoralis major . coracobrachialis NERVE SUPPLY: The coracobrachialis is supplied by the Musculocutaneous nerve.
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Teres major | ARM MOVERS | Rotator Cuff

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            The teres major is a thick, rounded muscle of the shoulder joint. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle. Supraspinatus , Infraspinatus , Subscapularis , and Teres Minor together This Four Muscle work as rotatory to the Humerus. So, also known as Rotator Cuff. teres major ORIGIN: teres major Originates from the posterior surface of the scapula at the inferior angle. teres major INSERTION: teres major inserted at the intertubercular groove of the humerus, tendon fused with the tendon of latissimus dorsi. teres major ACTION: teres major posteromedially extends, medially rotates, & adducts arm. teres major synergist of latissimus dorsi . teres major NERVE SUPPLY: The lower scapular nerve.
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Teres minor | ARM MOVERS | Rotator Cuff

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                      The teres minor is a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff.                     Supraspinatus ,  Infraspinatus ,  Subscapularis , and  Teres Minor  together This Four Muscle work as rotatory to the Humerus. So, also known as  Rotator Cuff. teres minor ORIGIN: Teres minor originates from the lateral border of a dorsal scapular surface. teres minor INSERTION: Teres minor is inserted at greater tubercle of humerus, inferior to the infraspinatus teres minor ACTION: helps to hold the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity. stabilizes the shoulder joint. rotates humerus laterally. Same as Infraspinatus muscle. teres minor NERVE SUPPLY: Teres minor is Supplied by the Axillary nerve.
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Subscapularis | ARM MOVERS | Rotator Cuff

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              The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle.  Supraspinatus ,  Infraspinatus ,  Subscapularis , and  Teres Minor  together This Four Muscle work as rotatory to the Humerus. So, also known as  Rotator Cuff. ORIGIN: The subscapularis is originated from subscapular fossa of the scapula. INSERTION: The subscapularis is inserted at lesser tubercle of the humerus. ACTION: The subscapularis is chief medial rotator of the humerus, assisted by pectoralis major . The subscapularis is helped to hold the head of a humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizes the shoulder. NERVE SUPPLY: The subscapularis is supplied by the Subcapular nerve.
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Infraspinatus | ARM MOVERS | Rotator Cuff

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                              the infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff. Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, and Teres Minor together This Four Muscle work as rotatory to the Humerus. so also known as Rotator Cuff . Infraspinatus ORIGIN: the infraspinatus originates from infraspinous fossa of the scapula. Infraspinatus INSERTION: the infraspinatus is inserted at greater tubercle of humerus, posterior to supraspinatus. Infraspinatus ACTION: helps to hold the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity. stabilizes the shoulder joint. rotates humerus laterally. Infraspinatus NERVE SUPPLY: the infraspinatus muscle is supplied by the Suprascapular nerve.
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Supraspinatus | ARM MOVERS | Rotator Cuff

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                           The supraspinatus (plural supraspinati) is a relatively small muscle of the upper back. Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Teres Minor together This Four Muscle work as rotatory to the Humerus. so also known as  Rotator Cuff . Supraspinatus ORIGIN: Supraspinatus originates from supraspinous fossa of the scapula. Supraspinatus INSERTION: Supraspinatus is inserted at the superior part of greater tubercle of the humerus. Supraspinatus ACTION: Supraspinatus stabilizes the shoulder joint. Supraspinatus helps prevent downward dislocation of the humerus. Supraspinatus NERVE SUPPLY: Supraspinatus is innervated by Suprascapular nerve.
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Deltoid | ARM MOVERS

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The deltoid muscle is a rounded, triangular muscle located on the uppermost part of the arm and the top of the shoulder. which is shaped like an equilateral triangle . It comprises 3 distinct portions each of which produces a different movement of the glenohumeral joint, The deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the human shoulder. It is also known as the 'common shoulder muscle'. we can see Muscles as anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid as it covers the whole shoulder from above. lateral deltoid is the lateral view of the shoulder. Like many other muscles, the deltoid can be sore for a variety of reasons, including overuse and tendon injuries. the common word for that is deltoid muscle pain. DELTOID ORIGIN: The deltoid has three origins : the lateral end of the clavicle,  the acromion of the scapula at the top of the shoulder, and  the spine of the scapula. DELTOID INSERTION: deltoid tuberosity of humerus. DELTOID Mu
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Latissimus dorsi | ARM MOVERS

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The latissimus dorsi is a large, flat muscle on the back that stretches to the sides, behind the arm, and is partly covered by the trapezius on the back near the midline. ORIGIN: The latissimus dorsi originates via lumbodorsal fascia into spines of T7-L5, lower 4 ribs & iliac crest. INSERTION: The latissimus dorsi is inserted at the floor of the intertubercular groove of the humerus. ACTION: the agonist of arm extension. powerful arm adductor. medially rotates arm & shoulder. depresses scapula. pulls the body upward & forward with arms fixed overhead. NERVE SUPPLY: The latissimus dorsi is innervated by the sixth, seventh, and eighth cervical nerves through the thoracodorsal (long scapular) nerve.
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Rhomboid minor | SHOULDER MOVERS

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ORIGIN:  spinous processes of C7 & T1. INSERTION: medial border of the scapula. ACTION: Rhomboid minor and Rhomboid major are working together as a whole to perform the movement. retract scapula (squaring shoulders), synergist with middle fibers of Trapezius. rotate glenoid cavity downward (lowering arm against resistance). stabilize scapula. NERVE SUPPLY: Dorsal scapular nerve
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Trapezius | SHOULDER MOVERS

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It is a diamond-shaped quadrilateral Muscle. The trapezius has three functional parts: an upper (descending) part which supports the weight of the arm; a middle region (transverse), which retracts the scapula; and a lower (ascending) part which medially rotates and depresses the scapula. ORIGIN: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7 - T12. INSERTION:  spine & acromion ofscapula, lateral 3rd of clavicle. ACTION: stablizes, raises, retracts & rotates scapula. adducts & retracts scapula (middle). elevates scapula or synergist to head extension (suprior). depresses scapula & shoulder (inferior). NERVE SUPPLY: Accesory nerve
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Serratus anterior | SHOULDER MOVERS

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Serratus anterior(boxer’s muscle) | SHOULDER MOVERS ORIGIN:  by series of muscle slips from ribs 1-9. INSERTION:  the anterior surface of the vertebral border of the scapula. ACTION:  an agonist to protract & hold scapula against the rib cage rotates scapula (inferior angle laterally & upward) abduct & raise arm & horizontal arm movements. NERVE SUPPLY: The long thoracic nerve.
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Subclavius | SHOULDER MOVERS

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ORIGIN:   costal cartilage of rib 1. INSERTION: groove on the inferior surface of the clavicle. ACTION:   stablizes & depresses pectoral girdle. NERVE SUPPLY :  Nerve to subclavius
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Pectoralis minor Muscle

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ORIGIN:   the anterior surface of ribs 3-5 (or 2-4) INSERTION:   coracoid process of scapula ACTION: draws scapula forward & downward (ribs fixed). draws rib cage superiorly (scapula fixed). NERVE SUPPLY : Both pectoral nerves Supply to this muscle.
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